In recent decades, benefiting from the rapid development of particle synthesis techniques and discovery of new colloids with tunable surface properties, the applications of Pickering emulsions and derivative materials have attracted increasing attention. Particle-stabilized emulsions known as ‘Pickering emulsions’ were first observed and described by Ramsden and Pickering in the early 20th century. In addition to molecular emulsifiers, solid particles can also serve as emulsion stabilizers. Conventional emulsions are stabilized by surfactants or amphiphilic polymers that reduce the oil–water interfacial tension and form a molecular film around the liquid droplets. Owing to the high surface energy of the interface between the two immiscible phases, emulsions are thermodynamically unstable. Finally, we point out the gaps in the current research on the applications of Pickering emulsions and suggest future directions for the design of particulate stabilizers and preparation methods for Pickering emulsions and their derived materials.Īn emulsion is a system consisting of two immiscible liquids where one of the liquids is dispersed in the other. Moreover, based on the latest works, several emulsions stabilized by the featured particles and their derived functional materials, including enzyme immobilized emulsifiers for interfacial catalysis, 2D colloidal materials stabilized emulsions as templates for porous materials, and Pickering emulsions as adjuvant formulations, are also summarized. We review the evolution and breakthroughs in the research on the use of colloidal particles for the stabilization of Pickering emulsions in recent years for the particle categories of inorganic particles, polymer-based particles, and food-grade particles. The versatility of colloidal particles endows the particle stabilized or Pickering emulsions with unique features and can potentially enable the fabrication of a wide variety of derived materials.
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